Our Lady of Carmen Hospital
Cádiz, Andaluzia, Spain
Suggest Place to Visit
5022
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The Nuestra Señora del Carmen hospital in Cádiz (Spain), also called the Women's Hospital and current headquarters of the Bishopric of Cádiz and Ceuta, is considered to be the masterpiece of Cadiz baroque civil architecture, both for the architectural solutions it provides and for the influence it exerted on later works, especially for the construction of merchants' houses.
Made by Pedro Luis "Afanador" (Pedro Luis Gutiérrez de San Martín) between 1736 and 1749, its design reproduces baroque models of the interior of Andalusia but adapting them to the characteristics of the city such as the constriction of space and the use of Italian marbles or wood American. The interior space is organized around two patios articulated by an intermediate staircase; This constitutes an anthological piece that brilliantly solves the topological problem of access from the two patios to the different directions in which the building's dependencies are developed, on various levels; For this, a double staircase of the imperial type with a chambered vault is used, which constitutes one of the most interesting models of the Spanish Baroque, which may have its antecedent in that of the Convent of the Third in Seville.
The spectacular facade of the building stands out for its successful composition that, subtly, establishes the main door in line with the street in front, for the use of cruciform openings that provide a symbolic sense to the building, and for the influence of Italian palatial architecture that It can be seen in its structure, logical on the other hand, given the significant presence of Genoese in the city at this time, which produced an obvious economic and cultural exchange. In fact, some authors such as Professor Bonet Correa have wanted to see early Renaissance influences on the structure and use of columns in the elegant chapel that completes the hospital complex.
The monumental façade of the building articulated in three sections, the ground floor at double height, can also be described as spectacular. In the first body, in the lower part, the two facades with doors from the late eighteenth century are aligned, the main one on axis with the street in front and both simply highlighted with mixtilinear moldings, alternating those with rectangular windows with bars and in the part superior have original cruciform windows. In the second body, with a continuous balcony layout, the openings, framed by atlantes as stipes, are crowned with broken pediments with elegant central oculi, a formula that, like the use of Ionic pilasters in the third body, will be repeated. in the main courtyard. The façade is finished off with a smooth cornice on an entablature.
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